（雅思課外精讀）公務(wù)員競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈大批畢業(yè)生流入體制內(nèi)

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Chinese graduates seek shelter in civil service

中國畢業(yè)生為求安穩(wěn)進(jìn)體制

Surge in applicants for government jobs highlights worries about labour market

公考人數(shù)增加凸顯了人們對(duì)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的擔(dān)憂

1. Chinas official unemployment rate stood at 5.4 per cent in September, compared with about 5 per cent before the pandemic struck. For this years 8.7m college graduates, prospects on the jobs market are grim. According to some university career service offices, only 25 per cent of their graduates from the class of 2020 have found a job. Against that background, government bodies, known for their long-term employment, have become even more appealing.

9月份，中國失業(yè)率為5.4%，疫情爆發(fā)前的失業(yè)率約為5%。今年有870萬大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，對(duì)于他們來說，就業(yè)前景不容樂觀。根據(jù)一些大學(xué)就業(yè)服務(wù)辦公室的數(shù)據(jù)，2020屆畢業(yè)生中只有25%找到了工作。在這種背景下，以長(zhǎng)期雇用著稱的政府機(jī)構(gòu)變得更加有吸引力。

2. I want to work for a place that wont lay me off at the age of 40, said David Li, a former economic analyst who lost his job this year. Mr Li, 31, plans to apply for a research position at Jiangsu Provincial Finance Bureau.

今年失業(yè)的前經(jīng)濟(jì)分析師李大衛(wèi)表示：我想在一個(gè)不會(huì)讓我在40歲時(shí)就下崗的地方工作。李大衛(wèi)現(xiàn)年31歲，他打算申請(qǐng)江蘇省財(cái)政廳的一個(gè)研究職位。

3. Government positions are not just secure. Chinas state control of economic resources has allowed official agencies to offer above-average salaries plus lucrative benefits, ranging from housing allowances to subsidised pension plans. Most private companies, the nations biggest employer, cannot match such lucrative packages as they struggle with stiff local and international competition and a cooling economy.

公務(wù)員還不僅只是安穩(wěn)。在中國，國家掌握經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈，因此政府能夠提供高于平均水平的工資和福利，囊括了住房補(bǔ)貼和養(yǎng)老金等。中國私營企業(yè)是最大的雇主，但是由于激烈的國際國內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，他們無法提供如此豐厚的福利。

4. In the eastern city of Suzhou, one of the nations richest, government employees made an average of Rmb180,227 ($26,850) in 2018, compared with Rmb58,333 for private company workers, according to the local statistical bureau.

蘇州是中國最富有的城市之一，根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)亟y(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年公務(wù)員的平均收入為180227元(合26850美元)，而民營企業(yè)員工的平均收入僅為58333元。

5. Government jobs wont make you rich, said Tom Shi, a district official in Shanghai, but they are enough to give you a comfortable life. Mr Shi, who makes Rmb18,000 a month, lives in a 150 sq m apartment in the suburbs.

上海一位政府工作人員說，政府不能讓你大富大貴，但能讓你過上舒適的生活。他每月收入1.8萬元，住在郊區(qū)一套150平方米的公寓里。

6. The rewards and security of a government job have made the civil service exam immensely competitive. The demanding test involves everything from policy analysis to maths quizzes and reading comprehensions.

公務(wù)員的良好福利和安穩(wěn)保障使公務(wù)員考試競(jìng)爭(zhēng)異常激烈。公務(wù)員考試涉及到政策分析，數(shù)學(xué)測(cè)驗(yàn)和語言理解等方方面面。

7. The more popular jobs can attract thousands of applicants. The most coveted position this yeara staffer at the National Bureau of Statistics in the Dongguan branchhas drawn 3,334 job seekers.

一個(gè)受歡迎的崗位可能會(huì)有數(shù)以千計(jì)的申請(qǐng)者。今年最熱門的崗位為國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局東莞分局的工作人員，有3334人報(bào)名。

8. You need to be ready to compete with the brightest minds in the country for government positions, said Lucy Yan, a laid-off statistical analyst who is planning to apply for a research role at Zhejiang provincial government.

打算申請(qǐng)浙江省政府研究職位的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析師嚴(yán)露(Lucy Yan)說你得做好同最聰明的人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的準(zhǔn)備。

9. The exam boom, however, has raised concerns over a misallocation of human resources. Analysts said the influx of talents into public service threatened a skills shortage in the private sector, which drives economic growth.

然而，考試熱潮引發(fā)了人們對(duì)人力資源配置不當(dāng)?shù)膿?dān)憂。分析人士表示，大量人才涌入公共服務(wù)行業(yè)將會(huì)使推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的私營企業(yè)出現(xiàn)人才短缺。

10. The current system has discouraged capable people from entering areas where they can make the most of their talents, said Mr Zhuang.

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