怎樣才能有效識別雅思閱讀中的同義替換

怎樣才能有效識別雅思閱讀中的同義替換，相信這個問題是許多正在準備留學的同學關心的一個問題，那么下面小編就來和大家說一說，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

怎樣才能有效識別雅思閱讀中的同義替換

解決詞匯閱讀過程中的識別問題，首先應該加強對高頻和常用詞的掌握。事實上，越是常用的詞，詞義越多，詞性也越多。如果僅僅滿足于看到后能反應出一個意思，顯然不能夠稱得上對該單詞的有效把握。

對高頻、常用單詞的有效把握，是提高paraphrase能力的基礎。

這意味著，對于相對較生僻的單詞，只需要了解一兩個詞義也許就已經夠了。因為這些詞本身的搭配和用法都是有限的。而對于高頻詞則需要多詞義、多詞性同時把握。

解決了詞匯認知的信息儲備問題，僅僅做了一半的工作。有效的識別paraphrase，同時需要對paraphrase的編寫做到心里有數。

熟悉paraphrase的常見類型，是提高其識別能力的有力武器。

那么同義替換的常見類型有哪些呢?一般說來，我們可以從如下幾個方面來進行轉述表達：

1. 同義詞、反義詞的替換

2. 詞序的替換

3. 句子結構的替換

雅思閱讀同義轉換的方式

1.題干中的形容詞，名詞和動詞往往是原文詞匯的同義詞或近義詞。如：

原文：Between 1940 and 1959, overfishing led to crashes in salmon population so severe that in 1953 Alaska was declared a federal disaster area.

題干：Between 1940 and 1959, there was a sharp decrease in Alaska's salmon population. 原文中的crashes與題干中的sharp decrease屬于近義詞之間的替換。

2.數字替換：題目中阿拉伯數字而文中以英文出現，或題干中只有大概的數字，而文中有具體數字。如：

題干：The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside local area.

原文：Interest facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot; 80% was within the locality.

3.前后順序調換：題干中答案出現在標志詞的右方，原文中對應答案卻出現在標志詞的左方。如：

題干：Radar and sonar are based on similar ______

原文：But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar.

4.句子間的替換：原文的主動形式在題干中改寫成被動形式或被動變主動，或者原文句子是前果后因，題干變成前因后果。如：

題干：Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because ____ are not used in their navigation system.

原文：It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar', since they don't use radio waves.

5.否定形式的替換：原文中的否定形式替換成其他形式從而變得不易定位。

題干：In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.

原文：Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.

6.具體與抽象概念間的替換：將原文中的具體表達形式進行總結，以概念表達形式在題干中出現(反之同理)。如：

題干：In the following-up class, the teaching activities _______ those used in conventional classes.

原文：Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are simulated to recall the material presented. Once again the approach is indirect. The students do not focus their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate (e.g. through games or improvised dramatizations). Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.

7.人稱代詞和指示代詞間的替換：將答案藏到標志詞集中出現的句子之前或之后，同時使用人稱代詞留下提示。如：

題干：Dr. Johnson believed that ____ is the major cause of this particular disease.

原文：Dr. Johnson is one of the leading scientists in this area. He believed that the disease could be cured. Certain experiments had been carried out through the last century however no evident result had been found. Still, he linked mainly food with this particular disease.

同義替換要求答題者具備一定的詞匯量，并通過日常大量的練習提高自己對同義替換的敏感度，避免在考試過程中被“迷象”迷了雙眼，定位不到答案。總之，同義替換無外乎是對同一事物采用了不同的包裝形式，答題者只要透過現象抓住本質便可游刃有余。

雅思閱讀同義詞轉換總結

1. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.

2. people power=local pressure groups 群眾力量n.

3. commute=travel 通勤 v.

4. higher=increasing=more 更高的 adj.

5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.

6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的 adj.

7. together=face to face 共同

8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反駁v.

9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.

10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用處n.

11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 較好的

12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.

13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 轉移

14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明

15. related=associated 有關聯(lián)的 adj.

16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.

17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.

18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影響v.

19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛 n.

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