托福閱讀邏輯關(guān)系

托福閱讀邏輯關(guān)系，相信這個(gè)問(wèn)題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，那么下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)一說(shuō)，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

托福 閱讀邏輯關(guān)系

托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句解析與理解是讓很多同學(xué)頭痛的一個(gè)備考環(huán)節(jié)，長(zhǎng)難句理解在托福閱讀中最重要也常見(jiàn)的應(yīng)用就是句子插入題和句子簡(jiǎn)化題。想要完美攻克這兩大類題型，解決長(zhǎng)難句理解，我們需要明確托福閱讀常見(jiàn)的四大邏輯關(guān)系：

1.因果關(guān)系

因：because, because of, for, as, since, in that, on account of, with果：so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, hence, thus, consequently, accordingly

2.對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

對(duì)比：while, whereas, on the other hand 轉(zhuǎn)折：but, although, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, however

3.比較關(guān)系

A.同級(jí)比較：as…as

B.比較級(jí)：more…than, -er than, less…than

C.變化：change, alter, vary, modify, revise, increase, decrease, enhance, diminish, develop, progress, advance, improve, retreat, degenerate, continue, remain

D.差異：different, distinguish, separate, same, similar, comparable, compare…to

E.超越：surpass, exceed, excel, over

F.最高級(jí)

4. 否定關(guān)系

托福閱讀中常見(jiàn)的十類邏輯關(guān)系詞

想在托福閱讀考試中取得好成績(jī)，需要考生在平時(shí)多做練習(xí)，尤其是有一些能幫助我們理解句子之間關(guān)系的詞匯需要重點(diǎn)掌握。為大家?guī)?lái)托福閱讀中常見(jiàn)的十類邏輯關(guān)系詞一文，希望對(duì)大家托福備考有所幫助。

1、Condition 條件/ 因?yàn)?(if )

后面跟隨著某種情況發(fā)生的前提或者是條件。

if // unless // whether // provided that // // Given that // for // so that // whether // depending on

2、Time 時(shí)間 (when )

before // since // as // until // meanwhile // at the moment // when // whenever // as soon as // just as

3、Summary 總結(jié) (in a word)

作者的最后總結(jié)

in conclusion // in summary // lastly // finally // to sum up // to conclude // to recapitulate 重述 // in short // in a word

4、Example舉例 (for example)

for example // for instance // just as // in particular // such as // namely 也就是

5、Reason原因 ( because)

since // as // so // because (of) // due to // owing to // the reason why // in other words // leads to // cause

6、And 并列關(guān)系 (and)

in addition // and // similarly // likewise // as well as // besides // furthermore // also // moreover // too// not only ... but // even // besides this/that

7、Sequence 順序 (then)

出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候表示列舉

first// initially // second etc. // to begin with // then // next // earlier/later // following this/that // afterwards

8、Consequence 結(jié)果 (so)

前面是后面的結(jié)果 // 也就是這些詞后面就開(kāi)始給出結(jié)論了。

as a result// thus // so // therefore // consequently // it follows that // thereby // eventually // tn that case // admittedly

9、Contrast轉(zhuǎn)折 (but )

表對(duì)前面論述的轉(zhuǎn)折 // 一般后面才是作者觀點(diǎn)

however// on the other hand // despite // in spite of //

though // although // but // on the contrary

otherwise// yet // instead of // rather // whereas // nonetheless // in contrast

10、Certainty 確定 (of course)

強(qiáng)烈的確定 // 后面是作者的堅(jiān)定論點(diǎn)

obviously// certainly // plainly // of course // undoubtedly

托福閱讀看不懂邏輯關(guān)系怎么辦

面對(duì)托福閱讀中的文章，對(duì)于邏輯關(guān)系，很多同學(xué)總是搞不清楚。因此今天整理了關(guān)于托福閱讀中的邏輯關(guān)系的知識(shí)內(nèi)容講解，幫助大家全面的了解這部分的考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。

(1):否定 ：明顯的否定關(guān)系特色詞匯

--no, not, none, neither, never, deny 等

隱含的否定關(guān)系特色詞匯

-- fail to, absence from, lack(of), refuse to, little, fewI write to my parents every month.I never fail to write to my parents every month.

He is little known as an artist.He is not a famous artist

【否定前綴】

英語(yǔ)否定的前綴主要有

a-[asexual 無(wú)性別的]

ab-[abnormal 非正常的]

anti-[antisocial 與社會(huì)對(duì)立的]

counter-[counterrevolution 反革命]

de-[decontrol 解除管理, 解除管制]

dis- il- im- in- ir- mal- mis- non- un-...

In fact, he was so quiet that his parents thought he was not normal.

In fact, he was so quiet that his parents thought he was abnormal.

【否定后綴】

需注意的三個(gè)否定后綴：

-less、-free、-proof

hatless: not wearing a hat

salt-free: without salt

a bulletproof car: a car designed not to be harmed by bullets

(2): 因果

【因果--明顯】

because(of), since, for, as, due to, owing to, In that, so(that), therefore, thus, hence,as a result,

consequently...

We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there.

The delay is owing to the crowded traffic.

This book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and thatone about history.

【因果--隱藏】

1、表示“導(dǎo)致”的詞

cause, lead to, make，render, stimulate, spur, spark, push, motivate, prompt, beresponsible to

Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.

Your action has rendered our contract invalid.

2、表示“由…而來(lái)”的詞

derive from, result from, come from, originate from, initiate from,His illness resulted from bad food.

(3):比較與條件

【比較結(jié)構(gòu)--隱藏 】

1.自身含有最高級(jí)含義的詞;

maximum, favorite, outstanding, top...The maximum speed of this car is 150 miles per hour

2.比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)

I've never heard a better voice.China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.George did more work than anyone elseI like nothing better than swimming.

【條件】

表示條件概念的詞:

if, unless, supposing (that), suppose (that), providing / provided (that), in case, aslong as, oncondition that

1) In case the house burns down, we’ll get the insurance money.

2) You can go out, as long as you promise to be back before 11 o’clock.

3) You can borrow the book, on condition that you don’t lend it to anyone else.

(4)--并列與轉(zhuǎn)折

【 表示并列關(guān)系】

likewise,in (much) the same way,similarly/similar to,vice versa,also/as well as,not only … but also …,both … and …, neither … nor …, like/just like, equally,or/and

【表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系】

but/yet, however, in contrast (to), conversely, though/although, nevertheless, inspite of/despite, onthe contrary, even if/even though, instead (of), different from/differ from, while

新托福閱讀真題分享

托福閱讀備考中，大家可以多參考一下往期的考試題目以及背景知識(shí)，這些對(duì)于我們的閱讀備考也有很大的幫助。那么在10月14日的托福閱讀考試中，具體的考察到了哪些題目?jī)?nèi)容呢?為大家整理了相關(guān)內(nèi)容，供大家參考。

托福閱讀考試日期：

2018年10月20日

新托福閱讀題目回憶：

【題材分類】天文學(xué)

【標(biāo)題】Planetary Formation行星的形成

分析了地球這一行星的形成及變化，以及為什么可以誕生生命。地球早期火山噴發(fā)頻繁，釋放出了大量氣體，出現(xiàn)了微生物。后來(lái)形成了簡(jiǎn)單的植物，這些植物吸收了甲烷和二氧化碳，逐漸通過(guò)光合作用產(chǎn)生了氧氣(當(dāng)時(shí)的氧氣含量差不多是今天的20%)和水(后來(lái)有了海)，在海里形成了簡(jiǎn)單生物。氧氣變多后形成了一個(gè)氧氣保護(hù)膜(臭氧層)，使生物免受紫外線傷害)。氣體循環(huán)起到降溫(cooling)的作用，使地球的氣溫不太高。由于缺乏臭氧層，太陽(yáng)系的其他行星無(wú)法誕生生命。

通過(guò)上文的內(nèi)容介紹，大家對(duì)“托福閱讀邏輯關(guān)系”大家是不是有了一個(gè)大致的了解呢？如果大家還想了解更詳細(xì)、更多的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，則可以繼續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道，也可以向本頻道咨詢。

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