劍橋雅思13 Test1 Passage2閱讀原文翻譯（附答案）

劍橋雅思13 Test1 Passage2閱讀原文翻譯（附答案）今天中國(guó)教育在線就來為大家分析這個(gè)問題。

劍橋雅思13 Test1 Passage2閱讀原文翻譯

段落A

We all know how it feels–it’s impossible to keep your mind on anything,time stretches out,and all the things you could do seem equally unlikely to make you feel better.But defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult.For a start,it can include a lot of other mental states,such as frustration,apathy,depression and indifference.There isn’t even agreement over whether boredom is always a low-energy,flat kind of emotion or whether feeling agitated and restless counts as boredom,too.In his book,Boredom:A Lively History,Peter Toohey at the University of Calgary,Canada,compares it to disgust–an emotion that motivates us to stay away from certain situations.‘If disgust protects humans from infection,boredom may protect them from“infectious”social situations,’he suggests.

我們都知道這種感覺——無(wú)法集中注意力到任何事情上，時(shí)間變得格外遲緩，所有事情都似乎無(wú)法讓自己感覺好受一些。但要定義厭煩這種情緒，以便它可以在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里接受研究，卻被證明十分困難。首先，它包含許多其他精神狀態(tài)，如沮喪、冷漠、壓抑和漠不關(guān)心。人們甚至對(duì)于“厭煩是否總是一種低能量、平淡的情緒狀態(tài)”，或者“焦躁不安、坐立不寧是否算作厭煩”都存在爭(zhēng)議。加拿大卡爾加里大學(xué)的Peter Toohey在其著作《厭煩：一段鮮活的歷史》中將它與厭惡（一種促使我們脫離特定情景的情緒）進(jìn)行了比較。他提出：“如果厭惡保護(hù)人類免受感染，那么厭煩可能保護(hù)他們遠(yuǎn)離“感染性”的社會(huì)情景。

段落B

By asking people about their experiences of boredom,Thomas Goetz and his team at the University of Konstanz in Germany have recently identified five distinct types:indifferent,calibrating,searching,reactant and apathetic.These can be plotted on two axes–one running left to right,which measures low to high arousal,and the other from top to bottom,which measures how positive or negative the feeling is.Intriguingly,Goetz has found that while people experience all kinds of boredom,they tend to specialise in one.Of the five types,the most damaging is‘reactant’boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion.The most useful is what Goetz calls‘indifferent’boredom:someone isn’t engaged in anything satisfying but still feels relaxed and calm.However,it remains to be seen whether there are any character traits that predict the kind of boredom each of us might be prone to.

通過詢問人們厭煩的經(jīng)歷，德國(guó)康斯坦茨大學(xué)的Thomas Goetz及其團(tuán)隊(duì)最近界定出五種不同的類型：漠不關(guān)心，搖擺不定，有所期待、應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。這些類型可以被置于兩條坐標(biāo)軸中：一條從左到右，表示從低到高的情感激發(fā)；另一條從上到下，表示情緒的積極或消極程度。有趣的是，Goetz發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然人們會(huì)體驗(yàn)各種各樣的厭煩情緒，但他們常常集中于其中一種。在五種類型中，最具破壞性的是“應(yīng)激反應(yīng)型”厭煩。它綜合了高應(yīng)激反應(yīng)和消極情緒的爆發(fā)式力量。最有用的類型是被Goetz稱為“漠不關(guān)心型”的厭煩，即某人并沒有從事任何讓人滿足的活動(dòng)，但依然感到放松和平靜。然而，是否存在一些可以預(yù)示我們更加傾向于哪種厭煩類型的性格特點(diǎn)仍然有待研究。

段落C

Psychologist Sandi Mann at the University of Central Lancashire,UK,goes further.‘All emotions are there for a reason,including boredom,’she says.Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative.‘We’re all afraid of being bored but in actual fact it can lead to all kinds of amazing things,’she says.In experiments published last year,Mann found that people who had been made to feel bored by copying numbers out of the phone book for 15 minutes came up with more creative ideas about how to use a polystyrene cup than a control group.This article is from Laokaoya website.Mann concluded that a passive,boring activity is best for creativity because it allows the mind to wander.In fact,she goes so far as to suggest that we should seek out more boredom in our lives.

英國(guó)蘭卡斯特中央大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家-Sandi Mann更進(jìn)一步。她說：“所有情緒的存在都有其原因，厭煩也不例外”。Mann發(fā)現(xiàn)，厭煩可以使我們更具創(chuàng)造性?！拔覀兌己ε绿幱趨挓┲校珜?shí)際上，它能導(dǎo)向各種各樣奇妙的事情”。在去年發(fā)布的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Mann發(fā)現(xiàn)，與對(duì)照組相比，那些被要求從電話簿中連抄15分鐘數(shù)字，從而感到厭煩的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象文章來自老烤鴨雅思在如何使用一個(gè)聚苯乙烯杯子上提出了更加有創(chuàng)意的想

劍橋雅思13 Test1 Passage2閱讀答案解析

第14題答案：iv

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：A段：But defining boredom so that it can be studied in the lab has proved difficult.

答案解析：A段第2句提到：給“厭煩”下定義以便它能夠在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中接受研究十分困難。其中sudied in the lab與scientific approach同意替換，difficult與problems同義替換，由此確定iv選項(xiàng)為答案。

第15題答案：vi

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：B段：Thomas Goetz and his team…h(huán)ave recently identified five distinct types:indifferent,calibrating,searching,reactant and apathetic.

答案解析：B段開頭就提到Thomas Goetz和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)界定出五種不同的厭煩類型。對(duì)應(yīng)vi選項(xiàng)中creating a system of classification，由此確定答案。

第16題答案：i

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：C段：Mann has found that being bored makes us more creative

答案解析：C段開頭第二句提到，Mann發(fā)現(xiàn)，處于厭煩的狀態(tài)可以讓我們變得更加有創(chuàng)造力。其中creative與productive對(duì)應(yīng)，result from與makes對(duì)應(yīng)，由此確定i為答案。

第17題答案：v

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D段：if they are not successful there’s that frustration and irritability…repeatedly failing to engage attention can lead to a state where we don’t know what to do any more,and no longer care.

答案解析：D段引用John Eastwood的觀點(diǎn)，說明厭煩情緒文章來自老烤鴨雅思所帶來的不好影響，比如它會(huì)造成沮喪和易怒，還可能造成不知道做什么，不再關(guān)心其他事物。對(duì)應(yīng)v選項(xiàng)中的potential danger，由此確定v為答案。

第18題答案：viii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E段：they think that at least some of it comes down to personality.

答案解析：E段主要介紹性格與厭煩之間的聯(lián)系，指出一些人更加容易厭煩，而其他人則不那么容易。對(duì)應(yīng)viii選項(xiàng)中“those most affected by boredom”，由此確定答案。

第19題答案：iii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F段：our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom…perhaps we should leave our phones alone,and use boredom to motivate us to engage with the world in a more meaningful way.

答案解析：F段比較簡(jiǎn)短，很容易總結(jié)出其大致的含義。前半段指出過度聯(lián)系的生活方式是厭煩的新來源，對(duì)應(yīng)iii選項(xiàng)的new explaination。后半段指出我們可以放下手機(jī)，利用厭煩來驅(qū)動(dòng)我們投身世界，對(duì)應(yīng)iii選項(xiàng)的new cure，由此確定答案。

第20題答案：E

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：A段：Peter Toohey compares it to disgust–an emotion that motivates us to stay away from certain situations.‘If disgust protects humans from infection,boredom may protect them from“infectious”social situations,’he suggests.

答案解析：根據(jù)人名定位到A段的這句話。E選項(xiàng)中encourage與motivate同義替換，avoid與stay away同義替換，unpleansant experience與infectious social situations對(duì)應(yīng)，由此確定答案為E。

第21題答案：B

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：B段：Of the five types,the most damaging is‘reactant’boredom with its explosive combination of high arousal and negative emotion.

答案解析：根據(jù)人名定位到B段，但這段話的內(nèi)容較多，需要我們具備一定的耐心，才能從選項(xiàng)中找到答案。在瀏覽了大半段話之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)reactant boredom對(duì)應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)中的one sort of boredom，most damaging對(duì)應(yīng)worse，由此確定答案。

第22題答案：D

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D段：What’s more,your efforts to improve the situation can end up making you feel worse.

答案解析：D段和E段都提到了John Eastwood，比較考驗(yàn)大家的skimming能力?？焖贋g覽之后發(fā)現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)trying對(duì)應(yīng)efforts，cope with對(duì)應(yīng)improve，negative effects對(duì)應(yīng)worse，由此確定答案。

第23題答案：A

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F段：Psychologist Francoise Wemelsfelder Speculates that our over-connected lifestyles might even be a new source of boredom.

答案解析：根據(jù)人名定位到F段，選項(xiàng)A中the way we live對(duì)應(yīng)lifestyles，encourage對(duì)應(yīng)a new source，由此確定答案。

第24題答案：focus

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D段：For Eastwood,the central feature of boredom is a failure to put our‘a(chǎn)ttention system’into gear.This causes an inability to focus on anything

答案解析：根據(jù)人名和attention system定位到D段的這句話，從題干中可以推測(cè)空上應(yīng)該填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。cannot與inability同義替換，由此確定答案。

第25題答案：pleasure

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E段：People who are motivated by pleasure seem to suffer particularly badly.

答案解析：從題干可以推測(cè)空應(yīng)該填某一類人，因此將目光移向E段。have problems與suffer同義替換，再加上空上應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，由此確定答案為pleasure。

第26題答案：curiosity

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E段：Other personality traits,such as curiosity,are associated with a high boredom threshold.

答案解析：根據(jù)whereas與other的對(duì)應(yīng)定位到這句話，characteristic與trait同義替換，由此確定答案為curiosity.

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