劍橋雅思14Test2Passage3閱讀答案解析 Why companies should welcome disorder
2023-07-02 10:10:40 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線
劍橋雅思14Test2Passage3閱讀答案解析 Why companies should welcome disorder
劍橋雅思14 Test2 Passage3閱讀答案解析
第27題答案:vi
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:A部分第1段:Organisation is big business. Whether it is of our lives – all those inboxes and calendars – or how companies are structured, a multi-billion dollar industry helps to meet this need.
答案解析:A部分第1段提到,“組織安排是門(mén)大生意,無(wú)論是我們生活中,還是在公司的架構(gòu)中,都有一項(xiàng)數(shù)十億美元的產(chǎn)業(yè)幫助滿足這一目的”。然后第2段和第3段又分別闡述日常生活中對(duì)安排的需求,以及公司對(duì)安排的需求。即人們被期待所做的事情,由此確定vi為正確答案。
第28題答案:i
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:B部分第1段:Ironically, however, the number of businesses that fail has also steadily increased. Work-related stress has increased.
答案解析:B部分詳細(xì)介紹了對(duì)組織安排的追求所產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響,包括失敗企業(yè)數(shù)量增加,工作壓力增加,員工不滿意度增加等。即對(duì)特定方法影響的抱怨。由此確定i為答案。
第29題答案:iii
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:C部分:Writing in the first half of the 20th century, he designed a number of principles to improve the efficiency of the work process, which have since become widespread in modern companies
答案解析:C部分中間提到“他在20世紀(jì)前半葉的著作中設(shè)計(jì)了一些提升工作流程效率的原則。這些原則從此再現(xiàn)代企業(yè)中擴(kuò)散開(kāi)來(lái)”。即之前的建議對(duì)商業(yè)活動(dòng)的影響,由此確定iii為答案。
第30題答案:ii
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:D部分:New research suggests that this obsession with efficiency is misguided
答案解析:D部分開(kāi)頭就明確指出,“對(duì)效率的癡迷具有誤導(dǎo)性”,其中obsession with efficiency對(duì)應(yīng)ii選項(xiàng)中的fundamental beliefs,misguided對(duì)應(yīng)incorrect,由此鎖定答案。
第31題答案:ix
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:E部分:recent studies show that order actually has diminishing returns
答案解析:E部分開(kāi)頭提到,“最近的研究顯示,秩序的效用實(shí)際上存在邊際遞減”。隨后又說(shuō)明,超過(guò)臨界點(diǎn)之后,其成本反而比收益更大。即這種方法的壞處甚至大于好處,由此確定ix為正確答案。
第32題答案:vii
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:F部分: These environments can lead to new solutions that, under conventionally structured environments … would never be reached.
答案解析:F部分中提到,“這種環(huán)境能夠催生出傳統(tǒng)上架構(gòu)良好的環(huán)境中無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的新的解決方案”。vii選項(xiàng)中achieve對(duì)應(yīng)lead to和reach,outcomes對(duì)應(yīng)solutions,impossible對(duì)應(yīng)never,由此鎖定答案。
第33題答案:iv
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:G部分第1段:In recent times companies have slowly started to embrace this disorganisation.
答案解析:G部分開(kāi)頭提到,“近期,公司開(kāi)始緩慢接受這一去組織化的趨勢(shì)”。隨后舉了丹麥公司、谷歌、通用電氣等企業(yè)的例子。對(duì)應(yīng)iv選項(xiàng)“將新方法應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐的組織機(jī)構(gòu)”,由此鎖定答案。
第34題答案:viii
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:H部分:The evidence so far suggests disorder, much like order, also seems to have diminishing utility, and can also have detrimental effects on performance if overused.
答案解析:H部分提到,“目前的證據(jù)表明,無(wú)序與秩序一樣,似乎也存在邊際效用遞減。如果過(guò)度使用的話,會(huì)對(duì)表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生不利影響”。即兩種方法都不能保證持續(xù)的提升,由此確定viii為答案。
第35題答案:productive
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:A部分第2段:… becoming more productive. Every week, countless seminars and workshops take place around the world to tell a paying public that they ought to structure their lives in order to achieve this.
答案解析:根據(jù)numerous training sessions與countless seminars and workshops的對(duì)應(yīng)定位到A部分的第2段。題干中問(wèn)的是,這些培訓(xùn)適合那些覺(jué)得自己不夠…的人。其中not enough對(duì)應(yīng)上文中的more,由此確定答案為productive。
第36題答案:perfectionists
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:A部分第3段:much to the delight of self-proclaimed perfectionists with the need to get everything right.
答案解析:順著上一題往下,根據(jù)appeals與to the delight的對(duì)應(yīng)文章來(lái)自老烤鴨雅思定位到A部分第3段的這句話。regard themselves as(把自己當(dāng)作什么)與self-proclaimed同義替換,由此確定答案為perfectionists。
第37題答案:dissatisfied
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:B部分第1段:A large proportion of workers from all demographics claim to be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed.
答案解析:根據(jù)many people與a large proportion of workers的對(duì)應(yīng)定位到這句話,題干問(wèn)的是感到什么。原文中填上去語(yǔ)義合適的單詞只有dissatisfied,由此鎖定答案。
第38題答案:TRUE
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:D部分:businesses and people spend time and money organising themselves for the sake of organising, rather than actually looking at the end goal and usefulness of such an effort.
答案解析:D部分最后一句提到,“企業(yè)和人們花費(fèi)時(shí)間與金錢(qián),為了組織安排而組織安排,并沒(méi)有真正考慮他們的最終目的以及這樣做是否有用”。即企業(yè)和人們追求秩序卻沒(méi)有真正考慮它的價(jià)值,由此判斷單位TRUE。
第39題答案:FALSE
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:F部分:when innovating, the best approach is to create an environment devoid of structure and hierarchy
答案解析:F部分開(kāi)頭提到,“在進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新的時(shí)候,最好的方案時(shí)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)沒(méi)有結(jié)構(gòu)和層級(jí)的環(huán)境”。而缺乏結(jié)構(gòu)和層級(jí)就表明每個(gè)人沒(méi)有固定的角色。題干中的描述與原文不符,因此判斷答案為FALSE。
第40題答案:NOT GIVEN
對(duì)應(yīng)原文:無(wú)
答案解析:原文中確實(shí)提到了谷歌和通用電氣的例子,但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)谷歌采用的是通用電氣的方法。題干屬于無(wú)中生有,因此判斷答案為NOT GIVEN。
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