Personal Finance劍橋雅思5-聽力原文翻譯及答案解析

一、Personal Finance聽力原文：

OK,so we've been looking at the attitudes of various social and cultural groups towards the management of their personal finances-how important they feel it is to save money,and what they save their money for.

One aspect that we haven't yet considered is gender.

So if we consider gender issues we're basically asking whether men and women have different attitudes towards saving money,and whether they save money for different things.

Back in 1928 the British writer George Bernard Shaw wrote in his Intelligent Women's Guide to Socialism and Capitalism that'A man is supposed to understand politics,economics and finance and is therefore unwilling to accept essential instruction.

'He also said,‘A woman,having fewer pretensions,is far more willing to learn'.

Now,though these days people might question a lot of the assumptions contained in those statements,recent research does suggest that there are some quite fundamental differences between men and women in their attitudes to economic matters.

Let's look at what men and women actually save for.

Research studies of women in North America have found that women are far more likely to save for their children's education and they are also more likely to save up in order to buy a house one day.

The same studies have found that men,on the other hand,tend to save for a car,which by the way takes a surprisingly large amount of the household budget in North America.

But the other main priority for men when saving money is their retirement.

When they're earning,they're far more likely to put money aside for their old age than women are.

Now this is rather disturbing,because in fact the need for women to save for their old age is far greater than for men.

Let's consider this for a moment.

To start with,it is a fact that throughout the world,women are likely to live many years longer than men,so they need money to support them during this time.

Since women are likely to be the ones left without a partner in old age,they may therefore have to pay for nursing care,because they don't have a spouse to look after them.

Furthermore the high divorce rates in North America are creating a poverty cycle for women.

It is the divorced women who will most often have to look after the children and thus they need more money to look after not just themselves but others.

So what can be done about this situation?

The population in North America is likely to contain an increasing number of elderly women.

The research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisis to make them think about their future financial situation.

But of course this is the very worst time for anyone to make important decisions.

Women today need to look ahead,think ahead-not wait until they're under pressure.

Even women in their early twenties need to think about pensions,for example,and with increasing numbers of women in professional positions there are signs that this is beginning to happen.

Then research also suggests that women avoid dealing effectively with their economic situation because of a lack of confidence.

The best way for them to overcome this is by getting themselves properly informed so they are less dependent on other people's advice.

A number of initiatives have been set up to help them do this.

This College,for example,is one of the educational institutions which offers night classes in Money Management,and increasing numbers of women are enrolling on such courses.

Here,they can be given advice on different ways of saving.

Many women are unwilling to invest in stocks and shares,for instance,but these can be extremely profitable.

It is usually advised that at least 70%of a person's savings should be in low-risk investments but for the rest,financial advisors often advise taking some well-informed risks.

Initiatives such as this can give women the economic skills and knowledge they need for a comfortable,independent retirement.

The increasing proportion of elderly women in the population is likely to have other economic consequences…

二、Personal Finance聽力中文翻譯：

好的，我們一直在關(guān)注各種社會(huì)和文化群體對個(gè)人財(cái)務(wù)管理的態(tài)度——他們覺得省錢有多重要，以及他們省錢的目的是什么。

我們尚未考慮的一個(gè)方面是性別。

因此，如果我們考慮性別問題，我們基本上是在問男性和女性是否對省錢有不同的態(tài)度，以及他們是否為不同的事情省錢。

早在1928年，英國作家蕭伯納（GeorgeBernardShaw）在其《聰明的女性社會(huì)主義和資本主義指南》中寫道：“男人應(yīng)該了解政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融，因此不愿意接受必要的指導(dǎo)。

他還說，“一個(gè)女人，沒有那么自命不凡，更愿意學(xué)習(xí)”。

現(xiàn)在，盡管這些天人們可能會(huì)對這些說法中的許多假設(shè)提出質(zhì)疑，但最近的研究確實(shí)表明，男女在對待經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的態(tài)度上存在著一些相當(dāng)根本的差異。

讓我們看看男人和女人到底為了什么存錢。

對北美女性的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性更有可能為孩子的教育存錢，她們也更有可能為了有一天買房而存錢。

同樣的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，另一方面，男性傾向于為汽車存錢，順便說一句，這在北美家庭預(yù)算中占據(jù)了驚人的比例。

但男性存錢的另一個(gè)主要優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)是退休。

當(dāng)她們掙錢時(shí)，她們比女性更有可能為晚年存錢。

現(xiàn)在這相當(dāng)令人不安，因?yàn)槭聦?shí)上，女性比男性更需要為晚年儲(chǔ)蓄。

讓我們考慮一下這個(gè)問題。

首先，事實(shí)是，在全世界，女性的壽命可能比男性長很多年，因此她們需要錢來支持她們。

由于女性很可能在老年時(shí)失去伴侶，因此她們可能不得不支付護(hù)理費(fèi)用，因?yàn)樗齻儧]有配偶照顧她們。

此外，北美的高離婚率正在為女性創(chuàng)造一個(gè)貧窮周期。

離婚的女性往往需要照顧孩子，因此她們需要更多的錢來照顧自己和他人。

那么，對于這種情況，我們能做些什么呢？

北美的人口中可能會(huì)有越來越多的老年婦女。

研究表明，目前對于女性來說，需要一場危機(jī)才能讓她們思考自己未來的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。

當(dāng)然，這是任何人做出重要決定的最糟糕時(shí)刻。

今天的女性需要向前看，向前想——而不是等到她們面臨壓力時(shí)。

例如，即使是20出頭的女性也需要考慮養(yǎng)老金問題，隨著越來越多的女性擔(dān)任專業(yè)職位，有跡象表明這種情況正在開始發(fā)生。

研究還表明，女性由于缺乏自信而避免有效處理自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。

對他們來說，克服這一問題的最好方法是讓自己得到適當(dāng)?shù)男畔?，這樣他們就不會(huì)太依賴別人的建議。

為了幫助他們做到這一點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)制定了許多舉措。

例如，這所學(xué)院是提供資金管理夜校的教育機(jī)構(gòu)之一，越來越多的女性報(bào)名參加此類課程。

在這里，他們可以得到關(guān)于不同儲(chǔ)蓄方式的建議。

例如，許多女性不愿意投資股票和股票，但這些股票和股票可能非常有利可圖。

人們通常建議，一個(gè)人至少70%的儲(chǔ)蓄應(yīng)用于低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資，但對于其余部分，財(cái)務(wù)顧問通常建議承擔(dān)一些知情的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

像這樣的舉措可以為女性提供舒適、獨(dú)立退休所需的經(jīng)濟(jì)技能和知識(shí)。

老年婦女在人口中所占比例的增加可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生其他經(jīng)濟(jì)后果…

三、Personal Finance聽力問題：

Question 31-35

Complete the sentences below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

31 According to George Bernard Shaw,men are supposed to understand,economics and finance.

32 However,women are more prepared toabout them.

33 Women tend to save forand a house.

34 Men tend to save forand for retirement.

35 Women who are left alone may have to pay forwhen they are old.

Question 36-40

Complete the summary below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Saving for the future

Research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a

occurs.This is the worst time to make decisions.It is best for women to start thinking about pensions when they are in their A good way for women to develop their in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in When investing in stocks and shares,it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in

In such ways,women can have a comfortable,independent retirement.

四、Personal Finance聽力答案：

31.politics

32.learn

33.children's education/their children's education

34.a car

35.nursing care

36.crisis

37.early twenties

38.confidence

39.money management

40.low-risk investments

五、Personal Finance聽力答案解析

Question 31 politics.題目中出現(xiàn)表示人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名稱的單詞或者詞組是定位答題點(diǎn)的最好的選擇，此題中出現(xiàn)了“Gerorge Bernard Shaw”是定位詞，提示考生答案會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)。另外，根據(jù)“economics and finance”可以預(yù)測出此處需要填寫一個(gè)名詞。understand提示了答案是“politics.”

Question 32 learn.prepare to do sth.從這個(gè)固定搭配中得知，此處應(yīng)該填寫一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。原文中的“be willing to learn”和“be prepared to learn”是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。

Question 33 children's education/their children's education.far more likely to do sth.和tend to do sth.是同義轉(zhuǎn)換，由此可以得知答案是their children's education。

Question 34 a car.路標(biāo)詞on the other hand提示考生答案會(huì)立即出現(xiàn)。

Question 35 nursing care.since在文中表示“因?yàn)椤?，而不是“自從”。除此之外，表示結(jié)果的路標(biāo)詞“therefore”出現(xiàn)，提示考生答案是nursing care。

Question 36 crisis.定位詞research和women提示考生答案會(huì)馬上出現(xiàn)，并且crisis重讀。

Question 37 early twenties.題目中when提示此題應(yīng)該填寫一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的詞組，原文中出現(xiàn)的in their twenties表示“在20多歲的時(shí)候”。

Question 38 confidence.because of是表示原因的詞組，在這類表示原因的詞組之后經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)答案。

Question 39 money management.題目當(dāng)中提到classes，而原文中提到的night classes正是classes的一種，因而提示考生答案會(huì)是money management。

Question 40 low-risk investments.題目之中的it is suggested that women should...和聽力原文中it is advised that...should...是同義轉(zhuǎn)換。

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