劍橋雅思14Test4Passage1閱讀答案解析 The secret of staying young

劍橋雅思14Test4Passage1閱讀答案解析

第1題答案：four/4

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第3段：Giraldo focused on ants at four age ranges: 20 to 22 days, 45 to 47 days, 95 to 97 days and 120 to 122 days

答案解析：文章在經(jīng)過(guò)前兩段的鋪墊之后，從第3段開(kāi)始講述Ysabel Giraldo的研究，因此我們將目光主要集中在第三段，根據(jù)focused on定位到這句話(huà)，原文中明確指出是4個(gè)年齡段，由此確定答案為4。

第2題答案：young

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第4段：Giraldo watched how well the ants took care of the young of the colony

答案解析：對(duì)螞蟻行為的研究主要集中在第4段，題干中l(wèi)ook after與took care of同義替換，由此確定答案為young。

第3題答案：food

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第4段：She compared how well 20-day-old and 95-day-old ants followed the telltale scent that the insects usually leave to mark a trail to food.

答案解析：根據(jù)scent trail定位到這句話(huà)，空前詞為locate，即尋找、定位、跟蹤什么東西，原文中只有food填上去語(yǔ)義合適，由此鎖定答案。

第4題答案：light

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第4段：She tested how ants responded to light

答案解析：順著上一題往下，第三個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目為螞蟻對(duì)光線的反應(yīng)，由此確定答案為light。

第5題答案：aggressively

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第4段：And she experimented with how ants react to live prey: a tethered fruit fly … And when it came to reacting to prey, the older ants attacked the poor fruit fly just as aggressively as the young ones did

答案解析：根據(jù)prey先定位到第4段的中部，但這句話(huà)里并沒(méi)有什么副詞可以填到空中，因此繼續(xù)往下尋找，發(fā)現(xiàn)段末還有一句關(guān)于捕食的描述，其中提到老年螞蟻跟年輕螞蟻一樣富有侵略性。aggressively無(wú)論是詞義還是詞性都符合題目要求，由此確定為答案。

第6題答案：location

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第5段：She saw no major differences with age, nor was there any difference in the location of the dying cells

答案解析：螞蟻大腦的相關(guān)內(nèi)容主要集中在第5段，看到小標(biāo)題后將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到該部分。根據(jù)dying cells定位到第5段的前兩句話(huà)，從題干結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，空上要填一個(gè)與age并列的詞匯，由此確定location為答案。

第7題答案：neurons

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第5段：She also wanted to see if aging affects the density of synaptic complexes within these structures—regions where neurons come together.

答案解析：根據(jù)synapitic complexes定位到第5段的這句話(huà)，in which與where同義替換，meet與come together對(duì)應(yīng)，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定答案為neurons。

第8題答案：chemicals

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第5段：the old ants didn’t experience any drop in the levels of either serotonin or dopamine—brain chemicals whose decline often coincides with aging

答案解析：根據(jù)two與serotonin和dopamine對(duì)應(yīng)定位到這句話(huà)，它們兩個(gè)都是大腦中化學(xué)物質(zhì)，由此確定chemicals為正確答案。

第9題答案：FALSE

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第2段：Naked mole rats can live for almost 30 years and stay fit for nearly their entire lives.

答案解析：第2段第2句提到：“裸鼢鼠可以活將近30年的時(shí)間，并且在一生中都保持健康”?？梢?jiàn)這種生物也能夠remain active for almost their whole lives，題干中“Pheidole dentata是唯一已知?jiǎng)游铩钡拿枋雠c此不符，因此判斷答案為FALSE。

第10題答案：TRUE

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第3段：Unlike all previous studies … her work tracked the ants from the time the pupae became adults, so she knew their exact ages.

答案解析：第3段中間提到，“與所有之前的研究不同，她從蛹變成成蟲(chóng)開(kāi)始追蹤螞蟻，所以知道它們的確切年齡”。題干中的first person對(duì)應(yīng)unlike all previous studies，precise data about the insects’ age對(duì)應(yīng)exact ages，即題干中的主要信息點(diǎn)在原文中都能找到對(duì)應(yīng)，由此判斷答案為T(mén)RUE。

第11題答案：FALSE

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第4段：Giraldo expected the older ants to perform poorly in all these tasks. But the elderly insects were all good caretakers and trail-followers

答案解析：第4段靠后位置提到，“Giraldo預(yù)計(jì)老年螞蟻會(huì)在所有任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)較差。但這些老年昆蟲(chóng)都是優(yōu)秀的幼蟲(chóng)照顧者和痕跡追蹤者”?？梢?jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與Giraldo的預(yù)期并不一致，由此判斷題干為FALSE。

第12題答案：NOT GIVEN

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第6段：Scientists have looked at some similar aspects in bees, but the results of recent bee studies were mixed

答案解析：原文中確實(shí)提到針對(duì)蜜蜂的研究，但只是說(shuō)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果混雜，并沒(méi)有提到研究方法方面的內(nèi)容，因此判斷答案為NOT GIVEN。

第13題答案：TRUE

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：第3段：In the lab, P. dentata worker ants typically live for around 140 days

第7段：Out in the wild, the ants probably don’t live for a full 140 days thanks to predators, disease and just being in an environment that’s much harsher than the comforts of the lab.

答案解析：原文第3段指出，P. dentata在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里一般可以活到140天左右。然后第7段又提到，“野外環(huán)境中，因?yàn)榉N種原因，螞蟻可能活不到140天”?？梢?jiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室中的螞蟻活的更久，由此判斷答案為T(mén)RUE。

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