托福tpo68聽力lecture3 A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites原文翻譯及問題答案

托福tpo68聽力lecture3 A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites原文翻譯及問題答案，今天中國教育在線就來為大家分析這個問題。

A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福聽力原文：

Professor:OK,Paul asked if I could talk a little bit about the project that I have been working on,on and off for the last few years.And yes,I'd love to.We are working in a remote part of the state of Utah in a place called Range Creek Canyon.Around a thousand years ago,Range Creek Canyon was the site of a large native American community.A group known today is the Fremont people,spelled F R E M O N T.The number of archaeological sites and the state of preservation of the site is amazing.In the first year,we worked there in one week,we recorded 77 undisturbed sites,that's phenomenal.I've worked in archaeology pretty much all my adult life.And I've only seen half a dozen sites that I knew were absolutely undisturbed,but in Range Creek Canyon,there are hundreds.

Student:Like what kind of stuff that you’ve found there?

Professor:Oh,houses,greeneries,rock art,digging stick,ropes,stone blades,arrows and arrow heads,lots of pottery.What looks like personal jewelry,and we have only surveyed maybe 5-10%of the area.It's mind-boggling.

Student:Are these sites that we could visit,if we were out in the area?.

Professor:Actually,it is now possible for the public to visit Range Creek,and that's well,I mean you’ve all learnt a great deal about archaeology and are pretty serious about it.But the general public,let's just say a lot of us in the field,aren’t so crazy about the idea.

Student:I can imagine,so this is pretty reason thing？

Professor:Yes,because the location is so remote,the sites weren’t discovered until the 1940s,then after they were discovered,the family that owned the land,kept very strict control over the sites,and who could visit them,and what they could do there and so on,but then 2002,the family sold that land to the government,and so now the public has much greater access to it.

Student:Maybe too much access.

Professor:Right and you know there are lots of sites you have to excavate really quickly because some construction companies anxious to get in there with heavy equipment,but that's not the case with Range Creek.If I had my way,we wouldn't touch most of those sites till least 20 or 30 years from now.When I expect will have technologies we can’t even imagine yet.It won't matter though,what high-tech methods we might develop.That the government can't keep the sites protected,so that's a major concern right now.

Student:So are there like any great mystery is there,you know,like with the Mayans,central America.

Professor:Yes,there are.For instance,the Fremont built some of their houses in really inconvenient places,like in rock pinnacles or on the edges of cliffs,really dangerous places to live.Not a great place to raise children.Plus in your thousand feet above your water and your fields and,and,and they put their greeneries,where they stored their corn in virtually inaccessible places,high on the size of canyon walls.You could imagine the amount of work that it took to construct them.All the stone,all the mud there made of,had to be carried up to those high locations to build them.And corn was the most important crop.

Student:Maybe they were afraid some other group was going to attack them,or maybe could’ve something to do with their religion.You know,like feeling,they were close to their gods up there.

Professor:Well,those are actually two current theories and I think probably was defense that was their top priority.If that’s true,then the question really is,who or what,was it that made them feel so insecure.Then,there is another mystery,around thirteen hundred AD,there is a major change.For some reason they stopped building substantial structures.They stopped making fine pottery.There was a change in their basket making and it looks like a pretty firm break.So,the other people came in and forced the Fremont out or did farming become difficult,so people returned to hunting and gathering or...

Student:Wasn’t thirteen hundred AD,like,didn’t something mysterious happen to other native American peoples that time too.

Professor:Ah,so you’re really into the mysteries,yes,thirteen hundred AD,it's one of the biggest questions in American archaeology,you had widespread sudden change,you had societies collapsing,and that's one reason,the Range Creek sites were so promising,we might finally be able to figure out what happened,gained some insight into a number of native American societies.

二、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福聽力中文翻譯：

教授：好的，保羅問我能否談談我在過去幾年里一直在做的項目。是的，我很樂意。我們正在猶他州的一個偏遠地區(qū)蘭奇溪峽谷工作。大約一千年前，嶺溪峽谷是一個大型美洲土著社區(qū)的所在地。今天已知的一個群體是弗里蒙特人，拼寫為F R E M O N T。考古遺址的數量和遺址的保存狀態(tài)令人驚訝。第一年，我們在那里工作了一周，我們記錄了77個未受干擾的地點，這是驚人的。我成年后幾乎一直從事考古學工作。我只看到了六個我知道絕對未受干擾的地點，但在Range Creek峽谷，有數百個。

學生：比如你在那里發(fā)現了什么樣的東西？

教授：哦，房子，綠色植物，巖畫，挖掘棒，繩子，石刀，箭頭和箭頭，還有很多陶器。什么看起來像私人珠寶，我們只調查了大概5-10%的區(qū)域。這令人難以置信。

學生：如果我們在這個地區(qū)的話，這些網站是我們可以訪問的嗎？。

教授：事實上，現在公眾可以參觀Range Creek了，這很好，我的意思是你們都學到了很多關于考古學的知識，并且對考古學非常認真。但一般公眾，我們在這個領域的很多人，對這個想法并不那么熱衷。

學生：我可以想象，這是很有道理的事情

教授：是的，因為位置很偏遠，這些遺址直到20世紀40年代才被發(fā)現，然后在它們被發(fā)現后，擁有土地的家族對這些遺址保持著非常嚴格的控制，誰可以訪問這些遺址，他們可以在那里做什么等等，但在2002年，家族將這些土地出售給了政府，因此現在公眾有了更多的機會獲得這些土地。

學生：可能太多了。

教授：是的，你知道有很多場地你必須很快挖掘，因為一些建筑公司急于用重型設備進入那里，但Range Creek的情況并非如此。如果我有自己的想法，我們至少要到20年或30年后才能接觸到這些網站。當我預計將有我們甚至無法想象的技術。不過，我們可能會開發(fā)什么高科技方法并不重要。政府無法保護這些網站，所以這是目前的一個主要問題。

學生：你知道，就像中美洲的瑪雅人一樣，這里有什么神秘的地方嗎。

教授：是的，有。例如，弗里蒙特人把他們的一些房子建在非常不方便的地方，比如巖峰或懸崖邊緣，這些地方非常危險。不是一個養(yǎng)育孩子的好地方。再加上在你的水面和田野上的千英尺高處，他們種植了自己的綠葉，把玉米儲藏在幾乎無法接近的地方，高高的峽谷壁那么大。你可以想象建造它們所需的工作量。那里所有的石頭，所有的泥土都必須運到那些高處才能建造起來。玉米是最重要的作物。

學生：也許他們害怕其他團體會襲擊他們，或者可能與他們的宗教有關。你知道，就像感覺一樣，他們離他們的神很近。

教授：嗯，這實際上是目前的兩種理論，我想可能是防御，這是他們的首要任務。如果這是真的，那么問題真的是，是誰或什么讓他們感到如此不安全。然后，還有另一個謎團，大約在公元1300年，有一個重大的變化。出于某種原因，他們停止建造實體結構。他們停止制作精美的陶器。他們的籃筐制作發(fā)生了變化，看起來這是一個相當穩(wěn)固的突破。所以，其他人進來，迫使弗里蒙特人離開，或者耕作變得困難，所以人們返回狩獵和采集，或者。。。

學生：是不是在公元1300年，當時其他美洲原住民也發(fā)生了一些神秘的事情。

教授：啊，所以你真的很喜歡神秘，是的，公元1300年，這是美國考古學中最大的問題之一，你經歷了大范圍的突然變化，社會崩潰，這是一個原因，Range Creek遺址非常有希望，我們可能最終能夠弄清楚發(fā)生了什么，對一些美洲土著社會有了一些了解。

三、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福聽力問題：

Q1:What does the professor mainly discuss?

A.An archaeology project in which the students will participate

B.The influence of the Fremont culture on Native American architecture

C.A group of mostly undisturbed archaeological sites in Utah

D.A significant historical event that occurred around 1300 A.D.

Q2:What is the professor explaining when she mentions the number and condition of archaeological sites in Range Creek Canyon?

A.Why the possibilities for archaeological research in Range Creek Canyon are exceptionally rich

B.Why most serious archaeologists have little interest in working in Range Creek Canyon

C.Why archaeology students are urgently needed to work on the Range Creek Canyon project

D.Why the government became interested in purchasing Range Creek Canyon

Q3:Why does the professor say that the students have learned a great deal about archaeology?

A.To acknowledge that they have probably heard about the Range Creek Canyon sites already

B.To indicate that she would not object to them visiting the Range Creek Canyon sites

C.To urge them to apply for research positions at Range Creek Canyon

D.To encourage them to read reports about the research at Range Creek Canyon

Q4:When did public access to the archaeological sites in the Range Creek Canyon area greatly increase?

A.Immediately after the Range Creek Canyon sites were discovered

B.After most of the Range Creek Canyon sites had been excavated

C.After the government sold the land to a construction company

D.After the land was sold to the government

Q5:What is the professor’s opinion about excavation of the Range Creek Canyon sites?

A.Researchers must use the latest technology to begin excavating all the sites as soon as possible.

B.Excavation at all sites needs to be completed within the next 30 years.

C.Heavy equipment should be used to speed the excavation of selected sites.

D.Nearly all of the sites should be left undisturbed until technology improves.

Q6:According to the professor,what are two mysteries related to the Fremont people?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.Where they came from

B.Why they built structures in unusual locations

C.Why they chose to settle in Range Creek Canyon

D.Why their society suddenly experienced major changes

四、A Group of Mostly Undisturbed Archaeological Sites托福聽力答案：

A1:正確答案：C

A2:正確答案：A

A3:正確答案：B

A4:正確答案：D

A5:正確答案：D

A6:正確答案：DB

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